Asylum
Seeking Children
- Including Adolescent
Development and The Assessment Of Age By Dr Diana Birch
A Beginning
Children suffer the
traumas and injustices of warfare and conflict without the ability to influence
or control their circumstances. As
refugees they become the flotsam of society drifting from one inhospitable
country to another in search of safety. They have been with us for generations,
their numbers fluctuating and their distribution changing as the adult world
decides who to wage war on next.
The Russians had a word for them; ‘Besprisornik’, the ‘dispossessed’, a
term coined when thousands of orphans wandered foraging for an existence after
the Revolution. They have been the Somalis and Eritreans displaced by famine and
civil war; the Kurds escaping persecution in Iran and Iraq; Hutus and Tutsis
fleeing from each other ... and others too numerous to mention. The group who most
frequently come to our attention at present are the children from Afghanistan,
sent to ‘safety’ by well meaning but ill-informed relatives and friends who
dispatch them on journeys of unimaginable danger in the hands of ruthless
agents. These ‘people smugglers’ demand extortionate payment for the privilege
of starving and abusing the children right across the Middle East and through
Europe and finally abandoning them as so much human jetsam in British sea ports
and motorway service stations as they emerge from hiding in lorries. Just one of their
stories would bring any but the most hardened human being to tears, but these
hurt young people have at times becomes so numerous and their experiences so
unimaginably tragic, that listeners can enter a state of denial, not wanting to
believe what is going on for fear that they may be obliged to do something about
it. This emotional numbing blocks natural compassion and listeners hide behind
rules and bureaucracy, convincing themselves that most Asylum-seekers are not
genuine, that their stories are untrue and that these are not really minors,
they are lying about their age. The problems of young
Asylum seekers are compounded by lack of information – those dispatching the
youngsters do not know what happens to them on the way; the children do not know
where they are going or where they are when en route; those receiving the
unaccompanied minors lack information about their experiences and their history
and particularly their ages. It was in an attempt to
improve knowledge of these children’s lives and experiences; of their
development and growth patterns; of their vulnerabilities and needs, that we
began this piece of work. We set out to work with Asylum seeking children and
young people to improve their circumstances in their country of refuge and to
examine the situation in their country of origin in order to formulate
strategies to help obviate some of the need for children to leave and become
refugees in the first place. In the UK we held
workshops based on psychodrama, art and music to help them to explore their
stories and to heal some of their wounds.
In Afghanistan we looked at children’s lives and experiences and examined
children in their homes and schools to assess growth and development. This work,
coupled with the results of over 800 individual assessments and medical
examinations of refugee minors, has built up an incomparable wealth of
information about refugee children. In the workshops the
young people were able to tell their stories in a unique way outside of the
usual constraints and barriers of language. That is a good place to begin ...
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